Data coverage methodology

• Calculated at asset level

• Based on:
• the highest area coverage across energy categories, and
• the widest time range available across all energy meters

• Uses one coverage value per asset per year

• Portfolio and asset analytics

• GRESB-aligned KPIs and scores

• External reporting (where relevant) and benchmarking

• Missing or partial data on individual meters

• Differences in completeness between meters

• Gaps hidden by aggregation

“How complete is our underlying meter data?”

• how much of the asset each meter represents, and

• how much of the reporting period each meter has consumption data for.

• Calculated from individual meters

• Each meter’s time availability is:
• weighted by its covered area, and
• adjusted where the full asset area or reporting period is not covered by meters

• Larger meters have a proportionally larger impact than smaller meters

• Identifying missing or partial meter data

• Data quality assurance and validation

• Prioritising data collection efforts

• Understanding why coverage is less than expected

• Data Collection Portal only

(asset list, meters & consumption views)

Area coverage (GRESB)

• Electricity

• District heating & cooling (DHC)

• Fuels

Time coverage (GRESB)

• one date range per asset, and

• a single value applied across all energy categories.

Important GRESB constraint: Time coverage is reported at asset level, even when individual meters have different or partial data periods.

Methodological constraints of GRESB data coverage

• Only one date range may be reported per asset

• Coverage is reported annually, not at meter level

• Aggregation is done per energy category, not per meter

• On-site renewable electricity is excluded from coverage calculations

Relationship to Scaler data coverage

• GRESB data coverage provides a high-level reporting indicator

• Scaler data coverage provides a meter-level data completeness indicator

• An asset may show 100% GRESB data coverage

• While still having incomplete or missing data on individual meters

Key variables used in this calculation

• Area type

• Covered area

• Meter version start date

• Meter version end date

• Include in calculations

• Subcategory

• Status

• Scaler data coverage

• Time coverage

• Scaler time coverage

• Scaler area coverage

Role of total floor area

• The total floor area represents the maximum area that can be covered by meters

• Meter Covered area values are evaluated against this maximum

• Coverage is capped at the total floor area to prevent overstatement

• determine whether meters fully cover the asset for a given area type, and

• apply area-based corrective factors when coverage is incomplete.

High-level calculation logic

1. The Time coverage of each meter is calculated individually

2. Each meter’s time coverage is weighted by its proportion of the total covered area

3. Corrective factors are applied where the full asset area or reporting period is not covered by meters

Meter-level time coverage

Definition

Time coverage= Days with consumption ÷ Total daysin reporting period

Important characteristics

• Time coverage is calculated per meter

• Meter start and end dates (Meter version start date, Meter version end date) define the period during which coverage is expected

• Time coverage is later aggregated to asset level using meter weighting

• Asset Status (e.g. Major Renovation, New Construction) is not used to adjust time coverage

Meter weighting by covered area

Covered area assumptions

• Meters of the same resource (energy, water, waste) do not overlap in the floor area they cover within the same Area type

• Covered areas are summed across all Subcategories (e.g. Natural gas, Off-site electricity, District heating & cooling)

• The total is capped at the floor area defined for the relevant Area type

• inactive for the period, or

• excluded via Include in calculations

Weighted aggregation of time coverage

Meter weight= Covered area of meter ÷ Total covered area of all meters

Scaler data coverage = Σ (Meter weight × Meter time coverage)

• Larger meters have a proportionally larger impact

• Missing data on a large meter affects coverage more than missing data on a small meter

Corrective factors

Time corrective factor

• the asset is active, but

• no meters exist to cover that period.

Area corrective factor

• meters do not cover the full floor area of the asset for the relevant Area type.

Relationship to Scaler time and area coverage

• It cannot be derived from

Scaler time coverage × Scaler area coverage

• Each metric serves a different diagnostic purpose:
• Scaler time coverage highlights temporal completeness
• Scaler area coverage highlights spatial completeness
• Scaler data coverage reflects their combined effect at meter level

Key assumptions

• Non-overlap is assumed across different Area types

• On-site renewable electricity meters are included

• Asset construction status does not modify time correction logic

• Coverage reflects data completeness, not data accuracy

Why this methodology is used

• Prevents double penalisation of missing meters

• Reflects the true impact of missing data on large meters

• Makes partial data gaps visible

• Supports targeted data completion efforts

Scenario

• Total covered area by meters = 600 m²

• Total asset floor area (GFA) = 700 m²

• All meters are:
• active for the reporting period
• included in calculations

Step 1: Calculate meter weights

Step 2: Apply meter-level time coverage

Weightedtime coverage = 50.0%

Step 3: Apply the area corrective factor

Area correctivefactor =600 ÷700 =85.7%

Step 4: Calculate Scaler data coverage

Scalerdatacoverage=50.0% ×85.7% =42.9%

Interpretation

• Two meters have full data, but they do not cover the full building

• The largest meter (300 m²) has no data

• An additional 100 m² of the asset has no meter at all

• Only part of the asset is fully represented by consumption data

• Scaler data coverage reflects both missing meter data and missing area coverage

• where meters are missing, and

• which gaps have the largest impact.

Why total floor area matters

• detect whether meters collectively cover the full asset, and

• prevent overestimating data completeness when only part of the building is metered.

Comparison to GRESB data coverage

• the widest time range spans the full year, and

• at least one energy category covers most of the area.

Two dimensions of Scaler data coverage

1. Spatial completeness

Do meters collectively cover the full floor area of the asset?

2. Temporal completeness

Do meters have consumption data for the full reporting period?

Spatial completeness: full floor area coverage

• Meters must collectively cover 100% of the relevant floor area for each Area type

• Covered areas are evaluated against the total floor area defined in Reporting Data

• Covered areas are capped at the total floor area to prevent overstatement

• Scaler data coverage will remain below 100%, even if all existing meters have full data

Temporal completeness: full reporting-period coverage

• Each meter must have consumption data for every day in the reporting period

• Meters created mid-year reduce coverage unless earlier periods are backfilled

• Missing periods on large meters have a proportionally larger impact

Why large meters matter more

• Meters with larger Covered area have a greater impact

• Missing data on a large meter reduces coverage more than missing data on a small meter

Common reasons coverage is below 100%

• One or more meters have missing consumption periods

• Meters do not collectively cover the full floor area

• Meters are inactive for part of the reporting year

• Meters are excluded via the Include in calculations setting

How this section is intended to be used

• creating or adjusting meters,

• addressing missing periods,

• using ghost meters, or

• prioritising data completion efforts,

How to achieve 100% Scaler data coverage